Office of Student Development

STUDENT DEVELOPMENT


Social Policies and Regulations: Improper Sexual Conduct Policy


Kalamazoo College recognizes that sexual harassment and sexual assault undermine individual growth and self-esteem. As part of its mission to encourage the development of its community, Kalamazoo College accepts responsibility for combating sexual harassment and sexual assault in ways appropriate to an institution of higher education. The College obligates itself to educate the campus community about sexual harassment and assault and to cultivate a campus environment discouraging to the attitudes and behavior that have made sexual harassment and assault epidemic in our society. The College will investigate survivor reports of sexual harassment or assault, adjudicate them according to the policies of the College, and support those who are the survivors.

This policy applies to all members of the College community - students, faculty, staff, and administration. Recognizing that both men and women are survivors of sexual harassment and assault and may commit such offenses, this policy is gender neutral and applies equally to men and women of all sexual orientations.

Resource People to Contact on Campus and Other Resources
Policy Statement and Definitions
Standard of Consent
Statement on Confidentiality
Statement Prohibiting Retaliation
Prohibition of Sexual Relationships between Faculty and Students
Process for Addressing Sexual Harassment
Process for Addressing Sexual Assault
Sanctions
Michigan Law

Resource People to Contact on Campus and Other Resources

YWCA Nurse Examiner Program

If it is within 72-96 hours of an incident, women or men who believe they have been sexually assaulted, or may have been sexually assaulted, are encouraged to contact the YWCA Nurse Examiner Program at 269/345-3036 for prompt, survivor-centered, culturally-sensitive, and comprehensive treatment and forensic evaluation by specially trained nurse examiners. According to the YWCA, the goals of the program are to provide survivors with free medical and psychological support, ongoing counseling and advocacy services, appropriate and accurate information related to the criminal justice system, medical evidence through the use of specialized equipment used by trained staff, and if necessary, reliable expert witness courtroom testimony.

The College recognizes the importance of support and encouragement in instances of sexual harassment and sexual assault. It is appropriate to seek help in addressing issues, connecting with resources, in interpreting policies and procedures, and sorting through one's options and choices. Survivors are strongly encouraged to seek out one of the following people for help in these tasks.

Trusted Faculty, Staff, and Administrators
One is often close to a member of the staff, faculty, or administration - an advisor, coach, current professor, or employment supervisor. They can provide valuable support and can help make connections with other support systems and resources within the College.

Student Development Office, the College Counseling Center, the College Chaplain, the College Health Center, and the Residential Life Staff

The Student Development staff, counselors in the Counseling Center, Health Center Staff members, the Residential Life staff, and the College Chaplain have experience with student concerns and complaints, can identify options, and help with decisions about appropriate resources and responses.

Vaughn Maatman Dean of Students 337-7209
Mary Ellen Ashcroft College Chaplain 337-7362
Jeanne Hess Associate Chaplain & Physical Educ. Associate Professor 337-7086
Karen Joshua-Wathel Associate Dean of Students & Multicultural Affairs 337-7209
Barbara Vogelsang Associate Dean of Students & Campus Life 337-7210
Patricia Ponto Director of the College Counseling Center 337-7191
Alan Hill Counselor in the College Counseling Center 337-7190
Doree Grossman Counselor in the College Counseling Center 337-7382
Counseling Center Staff Interns in the College Counseling Center 337-7190
Dana Jansma Associate Dean of Students & Residential Life 337-7210
Lisa Ailstock Director of College Health Services 337-7200
Kate Lake Assistant Dean of Students & Women's Issues 337-7207
Tim Young Director of College Security 337-7321
Residential Life Staff Area Coordinators and RA's in the Residence Halls
Other Important Resources:  
Kalamazoo City Police Emergency 911
YWCA Sexual Assault 24-hour phone line 345-3036
Borgess Medical Center 226-4815
Bronson Medical Center 341-6386


Policy Statement and Definitions

Improper Sexual Conduct is prohibited. Improper Sexual Conduct is any sexual act committed against the wishes of another person. It can include force, either physical or psychological, but the use of force is not prerequisite to the finding of improper sexual conduct.

Improper sexual conduct includes, but is not limited to, the following:

1. Sexual Harassment
Sexual harassment is defined as a pattern of unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct or communication of a sexual nature when:
(i)


Submission to such conduct or communication is made a term or condition either explicitly or implicitly of employment, services, housing or education, including status in a course, program or activity.
(ii)


Submission to or rejection of such conduct or communication is used as a factor in decisions affecting an individual's employment, reception of service, housing, or participation in a course, program or activity.
(iii)


Such conduct or communication has the purpose or effect of substantially interfering with an individual's work, housing, or performance in a job, course, program or activity, or creates an intimidating, hostile work, living, or educational environment (based on EEOC definition)
Sexual Harassment may include, but is not limited to the following:
--

threats or insinuations that lead the victim to reasonably believe that granting or denying sexual favors will affect her or his reputation, education, employment, advancement
--

repeated phone calls and/or email message from someone who has a crush on you, though you clearly have indicated that you have no interest

-- continuous references to sexual activity and sexual terms that make you uncomfortable
--

unwelcome and persistent sexually explicit statements or stories that are not related to employment duties, course content, research, or other College programs or activities
-- repeatedly using sexually degrading words, gestures or sounds to describe a person
-- recurring comments or questions about an individual's sexual preference or behavior
   
2. Sexual Assault
Sexual Assault is defined as:
--

Unwanted sexual contact: touching intimate parts of the body or the clothing covering those body parts, or touching with intimate parts of the body.
-- Attempted unwanted sexual penetration.
-- Unwanted sexual penetration.


Standard of Consent
The standard of sexual consent at Kalamazoo College includes the following:

-- Mutual consent must be expressed by words, actions, or gestures.
-- No one who has been threatened or coerced can consent.
-- No person who has been given alcohol or drugs through deception or without their knowledge may give consent.
-- No person who is physically helpless, impaired by alcohol, or being in a state of diminished judgement may consent.
-- Silence or non-communication must never be interpreted as consent.
-- Consent may be withdrawn at any time during the course of a sexual encounter.
-- Failure to respect a withdrawal of consent is improper sexual conduct.

Prohibition of Sexual Relationships between Faculty and Students
Kalamazoo College has a policy prohibiting intimate relationships between faculty and students. It reads:
"The faculty student relationship, however warm or collegial, inherently involves disproportionate power and influence on one side and thus is liable to abuse. A sexual relationship between a faculty member and a student cannot only exploit this imbalance, but inhibit the learning environment. For these reasons, it is the consensus of the Kalamazoo College Community that sexual relationships between Kalamazoo College faculty and Kalamazoo College students are unacceptable and constitute personal and professional misconduct. Such actions may be considered adequate cause for termination under the Plan of Employment of the Board of Trustees." (From the Faculty Handbook)

Statement on Confidentiality
Confidentiality will be maintained to the extent permitted by law and to the point that information needs to be disclosed to effectively investigate, take appropriate steps, or keep the community safe. In instances of sexual assault only, the College is obligated by federal law (the Clery Act) to report the number of incidents that occur on campus. No names are used, only a statistic. The following people are exempt from reporting under the Clery Act.
Pat Ponto Director, College Counseling Center
Alan Hill Counselor, College Counseling Center
  Doree Grossman Counselor, College Counseling Center
  Counseling Interns College Counseling Center
Mary Ellen Ashcroft College Chaplain
  Jeanne Hess Associate Chaplain
Lisa Ailstock Director of Health Services

Statement on Prohibiting Retaliation

This policy prohibits retaliation against person's who report instances of improper sexual conduct or retaliation against any person who is involved in the investigation of improper sexual conduct. Once the report is filed, the college will seek to protect the complainant from retaliation acts such as loss of employment, grade changes or misrepresentation of academic performance, and any other acts of retaliation by the accused or anyone directly or indirectly involved with incident.


Process for Addressing Sexual Harassment

Resolution of First Complaint against a Student, or a Member of the Faculty, Administration, or Staff
The Dean of Students or the College Chaplain will meet individually with the complainant, the accused student or faculty, staff, or administration member, and if necessary, any witnesses. This will be done to gather information regarding the incident and to inform community members when they are engaging in behaviors and/or activities that are perceived as sexual harassment. The investigation will result in one of two outcomes:

I. If an investigation results in a determination that sexual harassment has occurred, one of the following steps will be taken:
1. The complainant may request that the Dean of Students or the College Chaplain speak with the accused student, faculty, staff, or administration member on behalf of the complainant. OR
2. The complainant shall have a discussion with the accused student, faculty, staff, or administration member mediated by the Dean of Students or the College Chaplain. The discussion will include assurance that the harassment will stop and development of ways to avoid negative ramifications. OR
3. The complainant shall write a letter to the accused student, faculty, staff, or administration member describing the harassing activity, the reaction to the harassment, and request that the activity ceases. A copy of the letter shall be retained by the complainant and may be given to the Dean of Students. The Dean of Students or the College Chaplain subsequently will meet with the accused to ensure that the harassment stops and to develop appropriate ways to avoid negative ramifications. OR
4. The complainant shall confront the accused student, faculty, staff, or administration member about the harassment, explain that the complainant has discussed the matter with the Dean of Students or the College Chaplain, and ask that the harassment cease. The Dean of Students or the College Chaplain subsequently will meet with the accused to ensure that the harassment stops and to develop appropriate ways to avoid negative ramifications.

In any of the preceding alternative steps to be taken, the complainant and the accused may be accompanied by an advisor from the College community, if they wish. If an investigation determines that harassment has not occurred, no further action will be taken. The complainant will be asked to inform the Dean of Students or the College Chaplain immediately if another incident occurs. A record that the investigation was closed will be kept in a confidential file in the Dean of Students office. The Dean of Students will follow-up with the student.

Right to Send a Case Forward for a Hearing
The Dean of Students or the College Chaplain reserve the right to send a case forward for a hearing (following the process set forth below) should the seriousness of the incident warrant a response beyond those outlined in the first complaint process.

Resolution of a Second or Subsequent Complaint against a Student or a Member of the Faculty, Administration, or Staff
Should harassment against a complainant not be stopped, should there be retributions against the complainant, or should an investigation of a second complaint show grounds for such a complaint, the College Chaplain or the Dean of Students will request a hearing. In a case of student-to-student sexual harassment, a hearing will be conducted by the Student Conduct Hearing Panel in the presence of the complainant student and the accused student, each of whom may be accompanied by an advisor from the College community. A report of the Panel's findings and recommendations will be forwarded to the Dean of Students for implementation. The entire process will be completed in a timely manner In a case involving a member of the faculty, administration or staff, a hearing will be conducted by the Harassment Hearing Panel in the presence of the complainant and the accused. The complainant and the accused may be accompanied by an advisor from the College community. A report of the Panel's findings and recommendations will be forwarded to the Provost for action. The entire process will be completed in a timely manner. The Harassment Hearing Panel for a faculty member accused of harassment will consist of three faculty members serving staggered five-year-terms, appointed by the Faculty Executive Committee in consultation with the Provost. The Hearing Panel for an administrator or staff member accused of harassment will consist of three administrator or staff members serving staggered five-year-terms, appointed by the Director of Personnel in consultation with the President.

Process for Addressing Sexual Assault

Sexual Assault Involving a Member of the Faculty, Administration or Staff
If you are a survivor of sexual assault by a member of the faculty, administration or staff, notify a trusted individual in the College Community. Contact and/or penetration between a member of the faculty, administration, or staff and a student is prohibited and will be reported to the Provost (faculty) or Dean of Students (administrator or staff) for follow-up and response.

Student-to-Student Sexual Assault
A student may consult any trusted member of the College community or anyone listed within this policy (see Resource People to Contact). The student or the trusted member should then refer to the Dean of Students Office for further information regarding the process.

1. The Dean of Students will investigate the charge. During the investigation, you may request a new housing assignment and to have extensions of academic requirement deadlines. Requests will be granted as possible. When the safety of the person reporting is a risk, restrictions will be placed on the alleged perpetrator.
2. A hearing will be held under the procedures designed for sexual assault.


Sanctions


Improper Sexual Conduct Involving a Member of the Faculty, Administration, or Staff
A written report of the first incident of sexual harassment will be forwarded to the Provost (faculty) or the Director of Personnel (Administration and Staff) for action. As a minimum, a copy of the written report and any resulting actions will be kept in the file of the faculty, administrator or staff member. A second incident of sexual harassment or an incident of sexual assault may be considered adequate cause for terminations under the Plan of Employment of the Board of Trustees.

Student-to-Student Improper Sexual Conduct
A written report of the first incident of sexual harassment will be forwarded to the Dean of Students. As a minimum, a copy of the written report and any resulting actions will be kept in the student's file.

-- Students found responsible or who admit responsibility to harassment or unwanted sexual contact will be subject to Level II Probation as a minimum sanction, or suspension, or expulsion.
-- Students found responsible or who admit responsibility to attempted unwanted sexual penetration or unwanted sexual penetration will be subject to expulsion.

Additional sanctions developed by the Hearing Panel may be combined with any of the above sanctions.

Michigan Law

Under Michigan law, sexual assault is called "criminal sexual conduct" (CSC). There are four degrees or categories. First and third degree CSC are felonies. Second and fourth degree CSC are misdemeanors. Assault with intent to commit criminal sexual conduct is a felony. Conviction of any CSC charge can carry a substantial prison term. However, severity of the sentencing depends on a number of factors. These laws can be very complicated. The basics of each of the four degrees are summarized below:

First Degree or Third Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct
Both of these crimes involve forced or coerced (without consent)* penetration. The penetration can be vaginal, anal, or oral or putting a finger or object into another person's anal or vaginal opening.

Second or Fourth Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct
Both of these crimes involve forced or coerced (without consent)* sexual contact. These include touching the groin, genital area, inner thigh, buttocks or breasts, or the clothing covering these parts.

Assault with Intent to Commit First Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct
This crime is an assault where the perpetrator intended to commit criminal sexual conduct in the First Degree.

Assault with Intent to Commit Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct
This crime is an assault where the perpetrator intended to commit CSC in the Second Degree.

*People who are drugged, incapacitated, or under the age of 16 are deemed by the law to be unable to give consent.

Important Features of the Michigan Law
It is against the law to have sexual contact with someone against his or her will or without consent. Sexual contact includes any kind of deliberate physical contact (touch) with the victim's breasts, buttocks, or genital area, as well as any kind of penetration of the victim's body.

-- The victim does not need to prove they physically resisted during the assault. Sexual assault is defined by the actions of the abuser.
-- During a trial, the victim's sexual history cannot be used as evidence, except as it directly relates to the situation/individual on trial.
-- It is against the law to have sexual contact with someone who is incapacitated (drunk, drugged, unconscious, and asleep) because they cannot give consent.
-- Acquaintance rape, stranger rape, and child sexual abuse are all covered under this law.
-- The law is gender neutral. Men and women can be either victims or abusers.
-- The law recognizes that there are different types or force used by assailants, including coercion, threats, physical force and weapons.
Policy Revised September 10, 2001.
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Last Revised: March 13, 2006